Web Performance Fundamentals

Performance optimization is crucial for user experience and SEO.

Key Performance Metrics

  1. First Contentful Paint (FCP)
  2. Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)
  3. Time to Interactive (TTI)
  4. Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)

Image Optimization

<!-- Responsive images -->
<picture>
  <source
    srcset="image-large.webp 1200w,
            image-medium.webp 800w,
            image-small.webp 400w"
    sizes="(max-width: 400px) 400px,
           (max-width: 800px) 800px,
           1200px"
    type="image/webp">
  <img src="image-fallback.jpg" alt="Optimized image"
       loading="lazy"
       width="800" height="600">
</picture>

JavaScript Performance

// Code splitting example
const MyComponent = React.lazy(() => import('./MyComponent'));

// Efficient list rendering
const List = memo(({ items }) => (
  <div>
    {items.map(item => (
      <div key={item.id}>
        {item.name}
      </div>
    ))}
  </div>
));

// Debounce expensive operations
const debouncedSearch = debounce((query) => {
  performSearch(query);
}, 300);

Performance Checklist

  1. Asset Optimization

    • Minify CSS/JS
    • Compress images
    • Use modern formats
  2. Loading Strategies

    • Lazy loading
    • Code splitting
    • Resource hints
  3. Caching

    • Browser caching
    • Service workers
    • CDN usage

Stay tuned for more performance tips!